50X TAE Buffer (Tris-acetate-EDTA) is used for electrophoresis of nucleic acids in agarose and polyacrylamide gels. It can be used for both genomic and large supercoiled DNA. Applications Electrophoresis of nucleic acids in agarose and polyacrylamide gels Used both as a running buffer and as a gel preparation buffer Filtered through a 0.22 µm membrane Recommended for resolution of RNA and DNA fragments larger than 1500 bp, for genomic DNA and for large supercoiled DNA Composition: 1x: Tris 40 mM, Acetate 40 mM, EDTA 1 mM, pH 8.0 MSDS

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10X TBE Buffer (Tris-borate-EDTA) is the most commonly used buffer for DNA and RNA polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. It is also routinely used for DNA automated sequencing gel. TBE can also be used for agarose gels, but is not recommended for preparative gels for recovery of nucleic acids. Since borate in TBE buffer is a strong inhibitor for many enzymes, TAE buffer is recommended when looking at enzymatic applications for the DNA sample. Applications Electrophoresis of nucleic acids in agarose and polyacrylamide gels Used both as a running buffer and as a gel preparation buffer Filtered through a 0.45 μm membrane Recommended for electrophoresis of RNA and DNA fragments smaller than 1500 bp Composition 10x: Tris 890 mM, Boric acid 890 mM, EDTA 20 mM, pH 8.3 MSDS

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Current DNA electrophoresis buffers are mostly restricted to Tris-acetic acid-disodium EDTA (TAE) and Trisboric acid-disodium EDTA (TBE). The main problem of these buffers is that it generates excessive heat, limiting the voltage and speed of electrophoresis. Fast DNA Electrophoresis buffer overcomes this problem. The DNA gels can be run at high voltage (350V for 10cm gels in length) and are ready to be read in 15 minutes. The DNA extracted from the gel can be used for cloning. Usage Dilute in ddH2O to 1x Use diluted buffer to make gel and run the gel Voltage: 10-35V/cm, length of the gel Figure: Gel comprised 1.2% agarose. The gel was run fast (350 V) for 16 min in 1xFEB or 1xTBE. The run used a horizontal gel box,  700 mL total volume of buffers in the reservoirs and gels of 10 cm length. M, DNA marker (1 Kb Plus). PCR, 280-bp PCR fragment.

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10xTris-Glycine SDS Running Buffer is formulated for separation of proteins in their denatured state on Tris-Glycine gels. Tris-Glycine gels provide reproducible separation of a wide range of proteins into well-resolved bands. Composition: 10xTGS: Tris 250 mM, Glycine 1.92 M, 1%SDS, pH 8.3, Western blot running buffer Application: Tris-glycine-SDS (TGS) running buffer is the most commonly used buffer for sodium dodecyl sulfate – polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) of proteins. TGS is usually used for both the anode buffer and the cathode buffer. Recommended running conditions is 150 volts for mini vertical gel electrophoresis units. Usage Recommendations To prepare 1X TGS buffer, add 100 ml of 10X TGS buffer to 900 ml of deionized water and mix well.  MSDS

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Formulated for running proteins on Bis-Tris gels, including Invitrogen's NuPAGE® and Bolt Bis-Tris gel. MOPS/SDS Running Buffer is preferred for separating medium- to large-sized proteins. Both MES SDS Running Buffer and MOPS SDS Running Buffer can be used with Bis-Tris gels. MES has a lower pKa than MOPS, making the MES SDS Running Buffer faster than the MOPS SDS running buffers. The difference in ion migration affects stacking and results in a difference in protein separation range between these buffers. Use of MOPS buffer allows proteins to run slower than when using MES buffer. MOPS buffer is preferred for separating medium- to large-sized proteins. MES buffer is preferred for separating small- to medium-sized proteins.Composition: Tris 50 mM, MOPS 50 mM, SDS 0.1%, EDTA 1 mM, pH 7.7. (Exact same composition as NuPage and Bolt 20xMOPS Running Buffers) Compatibility: Bis-Tris precast gels, including Bolt gels and NuPAGE gel Storage: 4°C recommended. Shelf-life: 6 months, when stored properly. MSDS Shelf-life: 6 months, when stored properly. MSDS

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Formulated for running proteins on Bis-Tris gels, including Invitrogen's NuPAGE® Bis-Tris gel. MES SDS Running Buffer is preferred for separating small- to medium-sized proteins. Composition: 1xMES SDS Running Buffer: Tris 50 mM, MES 50 mM, SDS 0.1%, EDTA 1 mM, pH 7.3. (Exact same composition as NuPage and Bolt 20xMES Running Buffers) Compatibility: Bis-Tris precast gels, including Bolt gels and NuPAGE gel Storage: 4°C recommended. Shelf-life: 6 months, when stored properly. MSDS

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20x Tris-Acetate SDS Running Buffer is formulated for separation of proteins in their denatured state on Tris-Acetate gels. Tris-Acetate gels provide excellent separation of large molecular weight proteins when used with Tris-Acetate SDS Running Buffer, and LDS Sample Buffer. Tris-Acetate gels can also be run with Tris-Glycine Native Running Buffer and sample buffer to resolve native proteins more effectively than with the Tris-Glycine gel system. Composition 1x: Tris 50 mM, Tricine 50 mM, SDS 0.1%, pH 8.24 Storage 4°C for 1 year MSDS

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10xTris-Glycine Native Running Buffer is designed for protein gel electrophoresis under native running conditions with Tris-Glycine gels or Tris-Acetate gels. Tris-Glycine gels do not contain SDS and can be used to accurately separate both native and denatured proteins, depending upon the sample and running buffers used. To separate denatured proteins on Tris-Glycine gels, use Tris-Glycine SDS Sample Buffer and Tris-Glycine SDS Running Buffer. To separate native proteins use Tris-Glycine Native Sample Buffer and Tris-Glycine Native Running Buffer. Composition: 10xTGS: Tris 250 mM, Glycine 1.92 M, pH 8.3 Usage Recommendations To prepare 1X TG buffer, add 100 ml of 10X TG buffer to 900 ml of deionized water and mix well. 

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10x Tricine SDS Running Buffer is formulated for separation of proteins in their denatured state on tricine gels. Tricine gels are specifically designed for the resolution of low molecular weight proteins. In this buffer system, tricine substitutes glycine in the running buffer, resulting in more efficient stacking and destacking of low molecular weight proteins and higher resolution of smaller peptides.Recommended buffers: Use with tricine sample buffer to obtain optimal separation with tricine SDS running buffer. Composition: 1x buffer contains Tris base (100 mM), tricine (100 mM), SDS (0.1%), pH 8.3 Storage: 4°C to room temperature for 1 year

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Application 20xTris-HEPES SDS running buffer is formulated for SDS-PAGE gel electrophoresis, such as for Thermo Scientific Precise and Pierce Precast Gels. Composition 1xTris-HEPES SDS Running Buffer: Tris 0.1 M, HEPES 0.1M, SDS 3mM, pH 8 Storage Room temperature or 4°C 

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